United States | The Board
The HOA Board: Pay, Meetings, Elections and Removal
The board runs the association between owner meetings: it collects fees, pays bills, keeps records and enforces the rules. In a small association the board is two or three neighbours. State law sets whether they may be paid, how meetings are noticed and opened to owners, and how owners remove them.
The short answer
- Florida HOA directors, officers and committee members may not receive a salary or compensation for that work. They may be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses.
- HOA board meetings are open to owners in Florida and Texas, with closed sessions for a few subjects such as legal advice and personnel.
- Florida HOA board notice: posted 48 hours ahead or mailed 7 days ahead. Texas: mailed 10 to 60 days ahead, or posted and emailed 144 hours ahead for a regular meeting.
- Florida owners can recall any HOA or condo director, with or without cause, by a majority of all voting interests.
- Florida HOA directors must file an education certificate within 90 days of taking office.
Do HOA board members get paid?
Florida's HOA law: a director, officer or committee member "may not directly receive any salary or compensation from the association for the performance of duties as a director, officer, or committee member and may not in any other way benefit financially from service to the association" (s. 720.303(12)). It allows reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses approved under the governing documents, and benefits shared by all or many members.
Florida condo directors and officers have "a fiduciary relationship to the unit owners", and may not seek or accept a kickback (s. 718.111(1)(a)). The Texas and California sources we read do not address director pay.
Board meetings
California's DRE lists "The right to participate in meetings of the board of directors and to be heard" among owners' rights.
| Rule | Florida HOA | Florida condo | Texas HOA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Open to owners | Yes, except meetings with the lawyer on litigation and on personnel | Yes, when a quorum is present | Yes, with closed sessions for personnel, litigation, contracts, enforcement, legal advice and privacy |
| Notice | Posted 48 hours ahead, or mailed or delivered 7 days ahead | Posted 48 continuous hours ahead | Mailed 10 to 60 days ahead, or posted and emailed 144 hours (regular) or 72 hours (special) ahead |
| Special assessment meeting | 14 days' written notice | 14 days' notice | Must be decided in an open meeting |
| How often | Set by the documents | At least quarterly in condos of more than 10 units | Set by the documents |
| Voting | No email or proxy votes by directors | Set by the documents | Phone or video meetings allowed if all can hear and owners can listen |
Elections and board size
- Florida HOA: elections follow the governing documents. No election is needed unless there are more candidates than seats, and directors win by plurality unless the documents say otherwise (s. 720.306(9)).
- Florida condo: directors are elected by written ballot or voting machine, without proxies, and the first election notice goes out at least 60 days ahead (s. 718.112(2)(d)).
- Texas HOA: owners must be allowed to vote by absentee ballot, proxy or electronic ballot (209.00592). Two people from the same home may not both sit on the board, except in an HOA with fewer than 10 residences (209.00591(a-3)).
- California: the governing documents set the number of directors and their terms. DRE RE 39 says each lot or unit has one vote no matter how many people own it, with an exception for the subdivider for a time.
- Board size: Florida HOA one or more; Florida condo five if the bylaws are silent, or at least three in a nonprofit of five or fewer units; Texas condo at least three after developer control ends.
Training
- Florida HOA: within 90 days of election or appointment, each director files a certificate of state-approved education, valid for up to 4 years. Directors in associations of fewer than 2,500 parcels also complete 4 hours of continuing education each year. A director who misses the deadline is suspended (s. 720.3033(1)).
- Florida condo: a 4-hour course within 1 year before or 90 days after taking office, then 1 hour of continuing education each year (s. 718.112(2)(d)5.b.).
Removing a director
- Florida HOA: any director can be recalled "with or without cause by a majority of the total voting interests", regardless of the governing documents, by written agreement or written ballot without a meeting, or at a meeting (s. 720.303(10)).
- Florida condo: same majority, by vote or written agreement. Owners with 10 percent of the voting interests can call a special meeting for a recall. If the recall passes, the board must meet within 5 full business days after that meeting (s. 718.112(2)(l)).
- Florida recall disputes go to state arbitration or court, with a filing fee of at least $200 for HOAs (s. 720.311(1)).
Florida and Texas rules were read in the statutes themselves on 31 October 2026. California's code site refused every request that day, so California rules come from the Department of Real Estate's booklet RE 39, revised June 2016, and may have changed since. Your own declaration and bylaws can add rules, and other states have their own laws.
Common questions
Do HOA board members get paid? +
In Florida, no. HOA directors, officers and committee members may not receive a salary or compensation from the association for those duties, though they may be reimbursed for approved out-of-pocket expenses.
Are HOA board meetings open to homeowners? +
In Florida and Texas, yes, with closed sessions for a few subjects such as legal advice, litigation and personnel.
How much notice is required for an HOA board meeting? +
Florida HOA: posted 48 hours ahead or mailed 7 days ahead. Texas HOA: mailed 10 to 60 days ahead, or posted and emailed 144 hours ahead for a regular meeting and 72 hours for a special one.
How do you remove an HOA board member in Florida? +
By a majority of the total voting interests, with or without cause, through a written agreement, written ballots or a vote at a meeting.
Can HOA board members vote by email? +
Florida HOA directors may not vote on association matters by email, and may not vote by proxy at board meetings.
Do HOA board members need training? +
In Florida, yes. HOA directors file an education certificate within 90 days of taking office. Condo directors complete a 4-hour course and 1 hour a year after that.
Can two people from the same house sit on a Texas HOA board? +
No, unless the HOA has fewer than 10 residences.
How many people must be on an HOA board? +
Florida HOA: one or more. Florida condo: five if the bylaws are silent, at least three in a nonprofit condo of five or fewer units. Texas condo: at least three.
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