Policy & Zoning | Bill 185 & Bill 109

Bill 185 and Bill 109

Bill 23 set the three-unit floor, but it was not the province's last word. Ontario's Bill 185 (Cutting Red Tape to Build More Homes Act, 2024) and the earlier Bill 109 reshaped how housing approvals move — zoning overrides, parking near transit, and application timelines. Bill 185 is the live framework; Bill 109 is largely superseded. Here is what each one did and what still matters for a multiplex.

Key Takeaways

  • Bill 185 = Cutting Red Tape to Build More Homes Act, 2024 — Royal Assent June 6, 2024.
  • It removed parking minimums in (Protected) Major Transit Station Areas and made pre-consultation optional.
  • Bill 109 = More Homes for Everyone Act, 2022 — Royal Assent April 14, 2022; fee refunds and delegated site-plan.
  • Bill 185 removed Bill 109's fee-refund provisions, so Bill 109 is largely superseded.

Side by Side

Detail Bill 185 (2024) Bill 109 (2022)
Full name Cutting Red Tape to Build More Homes Act, 2024 More Homes for Everyone Act, 2022
Royal Assent June 6, 2024 April 14, 2022
Added units Minister authority to override municipal zoning that limits additional units Not its focus
Parking Removed parking minimums in (Protected) Major Transit Station Areas Not its focus
Application process Made pre-application consultation optional Application-fee refunds for missed timelines; delegated site-plan to staff
Current status In force Largely superseded by Bill 185 (fee-refund provisions removed)

From the Environmental Registry of Ontario Notice 019-8369 (Bill 185) and the statutes for the Cutting Red Tape to Build More Homes Act, 2024 and the More Homes for Everyone Act, 2022.

What Still Matters for a Multiplex

Neither bill created Toronto's four-unit permission — that is the City's own 2023 multiplex by-law built on the Bill 23 floor. For a typical as-of-right multiplex on a building permit, the day-to-day rules come from the City by-law and Zoning By-law 569-2013, not from Bill 185 or Bill 109.

Where Bill 185 reaches is mainly parking and process: it removed parking minimums within (Protected) Major Transit Station Areas and made pre-application consultation optional. If your lot sits near a major transit station, those provincial provisions can stack on top of Toronto's own 2022 parking removal.

Best For

  • Understanding the provincial process reforms layered above Toronto's by-laws.
  • Lots inside a (Protected) Major Transit Station Area, where Bill 185 removed parking minimums.
  • Anyone reading older references to Bill 109 fee refunds that no longer apply.

Usually Fails When

  • Expecting Bill 185 or Bill 109 to set your unit count — that comes from the City multiplex by-law.
  • Relying on Bill 109 fee-refund provisions that Bill 185 removed.
  • Assuming Bill 185 removed parking minimums everywhere, rather than only near major transit.

What To Verify Before Spending Money

  • Whether the lot falls within a (Protected) Major Transit Station Area.
  • The City of Toronto by-law and zoning that govern your as-of-right multiplex.
  • Current application requirements with City Planning, since process rules have shifted.

Where to Go Next

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Bill 185 in Ontario? +
Bill 185 is the Cutting Red Tape to Build More Homes Act, 2024, which received Royal Assent on June 6, 2024. For housing it gave the Minister authority to override municipal zoning that limits additional residential units, removed parking minimums within (Protected) Major Transit Station Areas, and made pre-application consultation optional rather than mandatory.
What is Bill 109 in Ontario? +
Bill 109 is the More Homes for Everyone Act, 2022, with Royal Assent on April 14, 2022. It introduced application-fee refunds where a municipality missed statutory decision timelines and delegated site-plan approval to staff. Most of its fee-refund framework was later removed by Bill 185, so it is largely superseded today.
How do Bill 185 and Bill 109 relate to each other? +
Bill 109 (2022) came first, focused on faster approvals through fee refunds and delegated site-plan approval. Bill 185 (2024) then removed Bill 109's fee-refund provisions and added its own changes — zoning override authority, parking removal near transit, and optional pre-consultation. So Bill 185 is the live framework and Bill 109 is largely historical.
Do Bill 185 and Bill 109 affect a Toronto multiplex? +
Indirectly. Neither created Toronto's four-unit permission — that is the City's own 2023 multiplex by-law on top of Bill 23. Bill 185 matters mainly through its parking-minimum removal near transit and its zoning-override authority. For a compliant as-of-right multiplex on a building permit, the day-to-day rules come from the City by-law and Zoning By-law 569-2013.
Did Bill 185 remove parking minimums everywhere? +
No. Bill 185 removed parking minimums specifically within (Protected) Major Transit Station Areas. Toronto separately removed parking minimums for duplexes, triplexes, and fourplexes city-wide back in 2022, which is a broader change than the Bill 185 transit-area rule.
Where can I read these bills? +
The Environmental Registry of Ontario notice 019-8369 covers the Cutting Red Tape to Build More Homes Act (Bill 185), and both statutes are published on ontario.ca. The links are in the sources on this page.

Official Sources Referenced

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